Study on the interzonal migration of airborne infectious particles in an isolation ward using benign bacteria
Identifieur interne : 001A52 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001A51; suivant : 001A53Study on the interzonal migration of airborne infectious particles in an isolation ward using benign bacteria
Auteurs : W. T. Leung [Hong Kong] ; G. N. Sze-To [Hong Kong] ; C. Y. H. Chao [Hong Kong] ; S. C. T. Yu [Hong Kong, République populaire de Chine] ; J. K. C. Kwan [Hong Kong, République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Indoor Air [ 0905-6947 ] ; 2013-04.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Adjacent zone, Adjacent zones, Aerosol, Aerosol concentration, Aerosol particles, Aerosolization, Agar, Agar plate, Agar plates, Airborne, Airborne bacteria, Anteroom, Background level, Chao, Coli, Coli concentration, Containment, Contaminant, Cubicle, Door opening, Door scenarios, Droplet, Duct, Exhaust vents, Expiratory, Expiratory aerosols, Expiratory droplets, Healthcare, Healthcare worker, Healthcare workers, Hong kong, Hong kong university, Human movement, Human movement migration ratio, Impactor, Infection risk, Infectious particles, Infector, Inhaled, Inhaled dose, Initial number, Injection, Injection direction, Injection point, Injection points, Injection position, Inlet vent, Intake dose, Intake fraction, Interzonal, Interzonal migration, Isolation room, Isolation rooms, Isolation unit, Isolation ward, Isolation wards, Leakage, Measurement point, Measurement points, Microorganism, Migration, Migration ratio, Migration ratios, Negative pressure, Negative pressure isolation rooms, Negative pressure isolation wards, Opposite cubicle, Opposite room, Other patients, Other rooms, Other zones, Particle, Particle concentration, Particle counter, Positive pressure, Quantum, Quantum generation rate, Relative humidity, Sampling period, Sampling time, Scenario, Small droplets, Survivability, Total volume, Tracer, Ventilation rate, Ventilation system, Viability loss, Viable bacteria, Volume migration, Worst case.
Abstract
Abstract Negative pressure isolation wards are essential infection control facilities against airborne transmissible diseases. Airborne infectious particles are supposed to be contained in the isolation room. However, negative pressure may break down by door‐opening action or by human movement. Understanding the interzonal transport of airborne infectious particles in the isolation wards can aid the design and operation strategy of isolation facilities. In this work, the interzonal migration of airborne infectious particles by human movement was studied experimentally in an isolation ward. Artificial saliva solution with benign E. coli bacteria was aerosolized to simulate bacterium‐laden infectious particles. The interzonal migration of aerosolized bacteria was characterized by biological air sampling. Less than 1% of airborne infectious particles were transported to the higher pressure zone when door was closed. With human movement, 2.7% of the particles were transported from the anteroom to the corridor. From high‐to‐low pressure zones, as much as 20.7% of airborne infectious particles were migrated. Only a minimal amount of particles was transported from the corridor to the positive pressure nurses’ station. Infection risk of tuberculosis of the healthcare workers and other occupants in the isolation wards were also assessed based on the measured migration ratios. Practical Implications: Human movement is an important factor governing interzonal migration. It is the main cause of migration of airborne infectious particles to a relatively negative pressure zone. This study provides a set of experimentally obtained particle migration ratios by human movement. Other than serving as empirical data for further studies on the mechanics, these migration ratios can also be used to assess the infection risk for occupants in the isolation ward.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2012.00797.x
Affiliations:
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Airborne infectious particles are supposed to be contained in the isolation room. However, negative pressure may break down by door‐opening action or by human movement. Understanding the interzonal transport of airborne infectious particles in the isolation wards can aid the design and operation strategy of isolation facilities. In this work, the interzonal migration of airborne infectious particles by human movement was studied experimentally in an isolation ward. Artificial saliva solution with benign E. coli bacteria was aerosolized to simulate bacterium‐laden infectious particles. The interzonal migration of aerosolized bacteria was characterized by biological air sampling. Less than 1% of airborne infectious particles were transported to the higher pressure zone when door was closed. With human movement, 2.7% of the particles were transported from the anteroom to the corridor. From high‐to‐low pressure zones, as much as 20.7% of airborne infectious particles were migrated. Only a minimal amount of particles was transported from the corridor to the positive pressure nurses’ station. Infection risk of tuberculosis of the healthcare workers and other occupants in the isolation wards were also assessed based on the measured migration ratios. Practical Implications: Human movement is an important factor governing interzonal migration. It is the main cause of migration of airborne infectious particles to a relatively negative pressure zone. This study provides a set of experimentally obtained particle migration ratios by human movement. Other than serving as empirical data for further studies on the mechanics, these migration ratios can also be used to assess the infection risk for occupants in the isolation ward.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Hong Kong</li><li>République populaire de Chine</li></country></list><tree><country name="Hong Kong"><noRegion><name sortKey="Leung, W T" sort="Leung, W T" uniqKey="Leung W" first="W. T." last="Leung">W. T. Leung</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Chao, C Y H" sort="Chao, C Y H" uniqKey="Chao C" first="C. Y. H." last="Chao">C. Y. H. Chao</name><name sortKey="Kwan, J K C" sort="Kwan, J K C" uniqKey="Kwan J" first="J. K. C." last="Kwan">J. K. C. Kwan</name><name sortKey="Sze O, G N" sort="Sze O, G N" uniqKey="Sze O G" first="G. N." last="Sze-To">G. N. Sze-To</name><name sortKey="Yu, S C T" sort="Yu, S C T" uniqKey="Yu S" first="S. C. T." last="Yu">S. C. T. Yu</name></country><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Yu, S C T" sort="Yu, S C T" uniqKey="Yu S" first="S. C. T." last="Yu">S. C. T. Yu</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Kwan, J K C" sort="Kwan, J K C" uniqKey="Kwan J" first="J. K. C." last="Kwan">J. K. C. Kwan</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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